Manager Name
The portfolio manager is the individual or individuals responsible for the overall fund strategy, as well as the buying and selling decisions of the securities in a fund's portfolio. Management teams can consist of many people, but if one manager is considered a central figure or lead manager, that individual's name is printed. We also note the year in which the manager began running the fund.

This information is useful for determining how much of a fund's performance is attributable to its current management. Investors often wonder whether they should redeem their shares in a fund when it changes managers. This question usually arises when a manager with a great reputation leaves a fund.

First and foremost, investors should not hastily sell their shares. While it is easy to feel that it is necessary to make an immediate decision, in fact, the departing manager's imprint usually remains on the fund for some time after his or her departure. The new manager inherits a portfolio and only slowly begin to replace the securities with ones of his or her own choosing. Therefore, hasty judgments are unnecessary; shareholders often have plenty of time to consider what, if any, action the manager change necessitates.

• Multiple Managers
  This term appears when more than two people are involved in the fund management, and they manage independently. Where this term is used, quite often the fund has divided net assets in set amounts among the individual managers. In most cases, multiple managers are employed at different subadvisors or investment firms.
• Management Team
  This is used when there are more than two people involved in fund management, and they manage together, or when the fund strongly promotes its team-managed aspect.
• Et al
  When this term appears just after a manager name, it indicates that while other people are involved in fund management, the person listed acts as the leader or is recognized by the fund as being the principal management player.

Fund Advisor(s)
This is the company that or companies that are given primary responsibility for managing a fund.

Fund Subadvisor(s)
In some cases, the advisor employs another company, called the subadvisor, to handle the fund's day-to-day management. In these instances, the portfolio manager generally works for the fund's subadvisor, and not the advisor.

Start Date
The date on which the listed manager(s) took over day-to-day operations of the fund.

Fund Inception Date
The fund inception date gives the date on which the fund commenced operations.